The stages of instruction.
Author: Malcolm Hornsby
February 2006
Explanation
A clear explanation of the tasks is mandatory. However, explanation on its own provides
only 10% of our learning.
Illustration
The illustration of tasks and road laws is usually combined by explanation. Well-produced
illustrations can speak for themselves. More than 70% of learning occurs by visual
and audible intervention.
Demonstration of task steps
This stage is another strategy in the illustration of a task. The braking down of
the entire task into small easy to remember steps allows the student to assimilate
facts effortlessly.
Demonstration of task standard
This stage demonstrates the required standards of the task.
Practice under instruction
This stage manipulates the student's actions providing control and assurance of
appropriate task accuracy.
Practice with articulation
This stage allows the student to recall and demonstrate the task, determining the
retention of the task and assessing the level of success of the intervention.
Practice with silence
This stage allows development of the task and the judgment of standard.